Cryogenics Essays - Industrial Gases, Food Preservation,

Cryogenics Cryogenics is a largely growing field, relatively innovative in the field of science and research. It deals with freezing temperatures below 150 degrees Celsius (-238 degrees Fahrenheit) using oxygen, helium I, helium II (which are both are chemically identical), and nitrogen. These are cooled to the point of liquidation and used to freeze diverse materials and substances. At these extreme conditions, such properties of materials as strength, thermal conductivity, ductility and electrical resistance are alteredmaterials at cryogenic temperatures are as close to a static and highly ordered state as possible. Cryogenics is more than the term for freezing, but more precisely for temperatures below 150 degrees Celsius. Cryogenic temperatures are achieved either by rapid evaporation of volatile liquids or by the expansion of gases confined initially at pressures of 150-200 atmospheres. This ability to freeze materials at such low temperature aids in the exploration of human research and d evelopment as well as freeze-dried foods, and aeronautics. Among the different materials that can be cryogenically frozen, food is almost certainly the most familiar one. Liquid nitrogen is used in this process by being sprayed onto the food. This causes the heat to completely absorb from the food and the food is then preserved. This is most commonly known as astronaut food and is not only used in space, but also for people needing to carry light loads like extreme hikers or mountain bikers. The human body can also be frozen in different ways and as a whole or in parts. Body parts such as a knee or elbow are frozen and can be later used for medical students or more recently in other people. Orthopedic tissue such as bone tendons like the quadriceps, Achilles and patellar tendons are transplanted after being cut and sized after being frozen to help better match the recipient. New tendons are doubled up for more strength and are stiffer. After the replacement surgery, the tendon will be stronger than it was will heal better. The meniscus is also being replaced in cryogenic surgery and becoming increasingly more popular. The pain a patient receives after the surgery was put into a scale called the Lysholm scale. Patients were asked to rate the overall severity of their pain on a scale of 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain and 10 representing the worst pain imaginable. The average postoperative pain level was 2.7. Most patients were able to do most of the normal pivoting knee exercises that they were able to do prior to receiving the operation. Veins and blood vessels are cultivated for transportation from either one body to another or from one body part to another on the same person. These veins are used in vascular reconstruction. This replacement can save a patients entire appendage. A vein, specifically the saphenous vein, from a patient can be taken out and cryogenically preserved and transplanted in to the same persons heart in coronary bypass surgery. The human heart has recently been a major topic in cryogenic labs. In 1984, Cryolife (a corporation located in northeast Georgia) advanced cardiovascular medicine when it introduced and made commercially available cryopreserved human heart valves, providing cardiovascular surgeons with new, important and viable cardiac repair alternatives. This new heart works the same as a real valve does. Cryolife also preserves human aortic, pulmonary, and mitral heart valves that are all used as replacement alternatives. These surgeries are completed with another new item, BioGlue. This surgical adhesive is used with sutures and staples to aid in the healing process, making it easier and faster for it to heal. Both of these huge medical advances have been considered significant, allowing people to lead normal lives over again. Cryogenically preserved tissue that is cultivated is being used in new ways. [This] cryosurgery is being used for the treatment of Parkinson disease, the technique being based on the selective destruction of tissue by freezing it with a small cryogenic probe. A similar technique has also been employed to destroy brain tumors and to arrest cervical cancer. This can help a patient to recover quicker from surgery and there is a higher chance of a tumor not returning using this method. In this field of research, donors are key for continuation. With

Men of the Harlem Renaissance

Men of the Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was a literary movement that began in 1917 with the publication of Jean Toomers Cane and ended with Zora Neale Hurstons novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God in 1937. Writers such as Countee Cullen, Arna Bontemps, Sterling Brown, Claude McKay, and Langston Hughes all made significant contributions to the Harlem Renaissance. Through their poetry, essays, fiction writing, and playwriting, these men all exposed various ideas that were important to African-Americans during the Jim Crow Era.   Countee Cullen In 1925, a young poet by the name of Countee Cullen published his first collection of poetry, entitled, Color. Harlem Renaissance  architect Alain Leroy Locke argued that Cullen was â€Å"a genius† and that his poetry collection transcends all of the limiting qualifications that might be brought forward if it were merely a work of talent. Two years earlier, Cullen proclaimed: If I am going to be a poet at all, I am going to be POET and not NEGRO POET. This is what has hindered the development of artists among us. Their one note has been the concern with their race. That is all very well, none of us can get away from it. I cannot at times. You will see it in my verse. The consciousness of this is too poignant at times. I cannot escape it. But what I mean is this: I shall not write of negro subjects for the purpose of propaganda. That is not what a poet is concerned with. Of course, when the emotion rising out of the fact that I am a negro is strong, I express it. During his career, Cullen published poetry collections including Copper Sun, Harlem Wine, the Ballad of the Brown Girl  and Any Human to Another.   He also served as editor of the poetry anthology Caroling Dusk,   which featured the work of other African-American poets.   Sterling Brown Sterling Allen Brown may have worked as an English professor but he was focused on documenting African-American life and culture present in folklore and poetry.  Throughout his career, Brown published literary criticism and anthologized African-American literature. As a poet, Brown has been characterized as having an â€Å"active, imaginative mind† and a â€Å"natural gift for dialogue, description, and narration,† Brown published two collections of poetry and published in various journals such as  Opportunity. Works published during the Harlem Renaissance include Southern Road; Negro Poetry and The Negro in American Fiction, Bronze booklet - no. 6.   Claude McKay   Writer and social activist  James Weldon Johnson  once said: Claude McKays poetry was one of the great forces in bringing about what is often called the Negro Literary Renaissance.† Considered one of the most prolific writers of the Harlem Renaissance,  Claude McKay used themes such as African-American pride, alienation, and desire for assimilation in his works of fiction, poetry, and nonfiction. In 1919, McKay published â€Å"If We Must Die† in response to the Red Summer of 1919. Poems such as â€Å"America† and â€Å"Harlem Shadows† followed.  McKay also published collections of poetry such as Spring in New Hampshire and Harlem Shadows; novels Home to Harlem, Banjo, Gingertown, and Banana Bottom.   Langston Hughes   Langston Hughes was one of the most prominent members of the Harlem Renaissance. His first collection of poetry Weary Blues was published in 1926. In addition to essays and poems, Hughes also was a prolific playwright.  In 1931, Hughes collaborated with writer and anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston to write  Mule Bone. Four years later, Hughes wrote and produced  The Mulatto.  The following year, Hughes worked with composer  William Grant Still  to create  Troubled Island.  That same year, Hughes also published  Little Ham  and  Emperor of Haiti.   Arna Bontemps   Poet Countee Cullen described fellow wordsmith Arna Bontemps as â€Å"at all times cool, calm, and intensely religious yet never takes advantage of the numerous opportunities offered them for rhymed polemics† in the introduction of the anthology Caroling Dusk. Although Bontemps never gained the notoriety of McKay or Cullen, he published poetry, childrens literature and wrote plays throughout the Harlem Renaissance. Also, Bontemps work as an educator and librarian allowed the works of the Harlem Renaissance to be accessible to generations that would follow.

The role realism plays in the Novel farewell to arms Research Paper

The role realism plays in the Novel farewell to arms - Research Paper Example He uses plain language that can clearly describe how real the actions in the novel were. Ernest’s novel resolves around the real happening of the world war. He brings in the real actions in a narration style. This style ensures that all the scenes and occurrence are described in clear and simple manner that makes it easier for the readers to understand them. The simple language used ensures that the description of the novel can have similar description from different readers since the narration in clear and does not need deep thinking, which bring make readers understand it differently (Halliday, 214). The theme of love, war, friendship, individualism, identity and patriotism are all described in a plain language that shows bow real were the occurrences. However, realism has played a big role in creating these themes and also characters. In the novel, war is has been glamorized. It has been described in a real way that shows clearly how the war was. War is described in a horri fied way according to how the ambulance driver views. War is a game where only the poor people are one who suffers. This is true even in the reality. In most cases, the poor are the one who are affected by war. This is evidenced in the novel where Henry eats the macaroni that was hit by the mortar. War is not a patriotic action but is a very tiresome activity. Rinaldi refers war as a disease. This is because he suffered from gonorrhea that he thought everyone has the diseases. However, from is view, war is great but when it is too much I can make pleasurable thing to be tiresome. Like a disease, wars spreads until people wish there could a cure for it (Halliday, 219). Therefore, cure will allow people to breath well before the next outbreak is realized. The novel also describes the real brutality that was taking place the war. It gives the real happenings of war. Some people like Henry removed themselves of the war while others who were naive still embraced the war. The novel descri bes how the Italian army caused violent chaos and destruction. Henry shot an innocent engineer who refused to free the car from the mud. This killing showed that war has inevitable occurrences. From the author’s suggestion, war is dark and murderous activity that refuses to preserve or protect the true love (Lehan, 67). Realism has been used to build the theme of games and divertissement. People are tired of war. They are trying to do other activities to deviate themselves from it. They want to avoid thinking about the war by engaging in other activities. This is realistic in a way that when one wants to avoid other things, he or she has to engage in other activities that bring diversion (Phillips, 29). Many characters in the novel try to diversify themselves from the horrors of were. They involve themselves with pleasurable activities. Henry and Catherine deviate themselves from war by flirting to forget their personal troubles. This flirting helps henry to forget about the war and enables Catherine to forget thinking about her fiancee she lost in the war. They involve themselves in horse races to ensure that their minds are far ways from the war troubles. Henry’s relationship with Catherine has caused him some suffering. To avoid thinking about that, he involves himself in pooling game with Count Greffi (Halliday, 224). Realism has also been used to

Orange Business Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Orange Business Services - Essay Example This aspect of the business of the firm however may not truly align with the mission of the firm to be a global leader. In order to fulfill its mission, FT has to actually expand at the global level and branching out of EU region in order to be a truly global leader in integrated communication solutions. The above mission statement of the firm is also lacking in the sense it may fail to provide quantifiable direction for the firm to fulfill. Though it has set clearly outlined objectives for itself however, considering the mission statement only of the firm, it may seem that it fails to provoke any emotional association of the employees or other involved with the firm. It is highly desirable that a mission statement must be flexible and invoke the related degree of emotions in order to be aligned with the overall firm’s direction. The overall strategic goals and objectives of the firm are described in its strategic initiatives called Conquest which sets out its overall goals an d objectives for the period 2011-2015. The overall objectives are for medium period and are divided into two phases of adaptation and conquest. The first phase will identify the investments in the network growth opportunities and during the second phase, firm intended to return to sustained revenue and cash flow growth targets. The combination of both these objectives set the overall direction of the firm between 2011-2015. During the first phase, the firm has set specific quantifiable targets of achieving EBITDA as well as other financial measures in order to critically outline as to how much firm wants to progress in next five years. (Orange, 2010) The objectives of the firm are at least clear and quantifiable for the period which firm has set for itself to achieve the target. It is however, important to note that these goals and objectives are focused more on the existing markets of the firm. The overall focus is on the existing markets and as such the emphasis that the FT would like to become a global leader in the integrated communication may not be at least manifested into the overall goals of the firm. Firm seems to be focused on further penetrating into the markets in which it is operating and most of its focus is on the EU market which is also its traditional stronghold since years. Stakeholders Source: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/10794/Project-Management-Part-2-Stakeholders The above is a typical, general grid for stakeholder analysis wherein both the high powered and low powered stakeholders are identified and based on their interests, organization actually deal with them. A stakeholder is one which can either be affected or affect the actions of the firm and based on this they can be either internal or external to the organization. Stakeholders are normally those individuals or organizations which are directly affected by the organization and its actions. It is also important to understand that individuals may also belong to different stake holder groups and their overall role may vary under different conditions. It is therefore critically important to know the expectations of different stakeholder groups even if they fall into different categories. Viewing the overall stakeholders of FT, it is clear that the firm has actually adapted a commercial approach to deal with its stakeholders. It is however, i

Executive Summary Memo Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Executive Summary Memo - Assignment Example We also hope to become the most desired tourist destination both for the domestic and international tourists. In future, we plan to relocate to the central business development which we believe will provide us with an advantageous place. The tax incentives will give money to establish another business (Tracy, 2000). We are aggressively planning to increase the sales in the second year by about 55%. By creating a new bakery, Olympia Bakery will increase its sales volume by at least $240,000 over the next three years while maintaining the gross margin of 77%. Through the philosophy of â€Å"all is possible† regarding the products and services, Olympia Bakery will establish itself as an exceptional dessert supplier in the larger Michigan. We will gain a competitive advantage in take out. The summary outlines the concept philosophy and financial forecasted financials. Olympia Bakery is a hospitality company that is dedicated to providing high quality products in free and fair atmosphere for the clients within and without the city. Our intention is to make profit and return to our investors to continue financing our company. We strive to maintain friendly and fair relationships (Pinson, 2004). In addition we maintain creative work environment with respect to culture diversity, ideas and handwork of the members This information is necessary for the customer and the potential financier to our bakery. This information informs the customer of the company stand and is potential in the future. It can be found online at

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, regarding a case INTRODUCTION Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) was first described as a malignant lesion by Pierre Masson in 1923(1), warning his histological similarity to angiosarcoma. Later, Henschen(2) described an intravascular endothelial proliferation that he interpreted like a reagent process due to inflammation and stasis vascular. We present a case of a patient diagnosed with intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia in renal vein. CASE REPORT 61 years old male referred to our department with symptoms compatible with right renal colic. He has previous history of hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia with alpha-blocker therapy. The patient relates intense pain in the right flank, sometimes radiating to ipsilateral inguinal region. On physical examination revealed pain with percussion in the right flank. Blood and urine analysis, abdominal radiography and ultrasound are requested, all of them normal. Due to the persistence of symptoms, CT scan with contrast was requested (Fig. 1), in which a solid mass of 3.5 x 3 x 4 cm, lobulated and with heterogeneous necrotic center located at the right renal hilum infiltrates renal vein is seen . This mass is adjacent to lower portion of adrenal gland, kidney, and posterior portion of the duodenum, not clearly identifying dependency. To try to understand the dependence of this mass MRI is requested (Fig. 2), which describes hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 tumor, with probable adrenal gland dependence. Suspecting adrenal injury, hormonal and metabolic study is carried on in blood and urine of 24 hours, all was normal. Scintigraphy was also performed with MIBG finding no enhancing lesions. Given previous findings, and the likelihood of adrenal malignancy (nonfunctional), surgery is decided. By a subcostal laparotomy, a tumor about 4 cm, firmly adhered to the renal hilum is observed. Right radical nephrectomy is performed due to impossibility the tumor excision alone. Postoperative course without incidences and the patient was discharged on the fourth day. Microscopic examination of the surgical specimen revealed kidney and adrenal gland unaltered. Near of the renal hilum and, at least partially, contained within a dilated vein, thrombosis and endothelial reactive area proliferation (capillary and papillary), compatible with papillary endothelial hyperplasia intravascular (Fig 3). Currently the patient is reviewed every six months, with analytical tests and CT normal. DISCUSSION Enzinger and Clearkin(3) suggested several morphological features that served in the differential diagnosis between IPEH and angiosarcoma, including intraluminal location of the lesion, absence of necrotic tissue and presence of thrombotic material, and proposed the intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia term. The etiology of IPEH is still unknown. Trauma has been proposed as the main etiological factor, but the traumatic history is exceptional. Several authors agree with the view of Clearkin and Salyer who believe it is due to an alteration in the thrombosis process, consisting of an unusual and peculiar way of organizing thrombus.( 3,6 ) IPEH can occur at any age, more frequently in female. Most of the cases are localized to skin vessels, in head and neck, where they appear as small hard mass of bluish red coloration to the skin. Although there have also been less frequent locations as jejunum, central nervous system, liver, and lungs (4,5). Three forms have been described: Primary, on dilated vascular lakes; secondary or mixed, with preexisting vascular lesion as hemangioma , arteriovenous malformations or pyogenic granuloma; and the third and less frequent, extravascular, resulting in a hematoma (7). The finding of IPEH in the renal vein is rare, there are very few cases reflected in the literature. The symptoms are variable, ranging from an incidental finding, asymptomatic, to colic pain and hematuria. In imaging, with the CT scan with contrast we can find a solid lesion with heterogeneous contrast enhancement, and in MRI a lesion hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 , which does not exclude malignancy(8, 9). In a case reported(10), preoperative diagnosis was performed with excision of the lesion and kidney preservation. But in most cases, it was impossible to rule out malignancy, and the radical surgery is usual, either for technic impossibility by proximity to the renal vessels, or the suspicion of malignancy. No metastases or malignant degeneration has been reported. Preoperative diagnosis of IPEH is difficult as there are no characteristic symptoms or an imaging test that allows adequate differential diagnosis. There are several neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions that can be found in the renal hilum. Among them: renal carcinoma, angiomyolipoma , schwannoma , myelolipoma , hemangiopericytoma , lymphoma, cysts, Castleman disease or lipomas. Therefore, this condition, although rare, must fall within the diagnostic possibilities, especially if their dependency or proximity to vessels is detected. CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflict of interest REFERENCES Masson P. Hemangioendothelioma vegetant intra-vasculaire. Bull Soc Anat Paris 1923;93:517–23. Henschen F. L ´endovasculite proliferante thrombopoietique dans la lesion vasculaire locale. Ann anat Pathol 1932;9:113-21. Clearkin KP, Enzinger FM. Intravascular papillary endotelial hiperplasia. ARch Pathol Lab MEd 1976;10:441-4. Johraku A, Miyanaga N, Sekido N, et al. A case of Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia Arising from Renal sinus.Jpn J clin Oncol 1997; 27(6) 433-36. Pelosi G, Sonzogni A, VIale G. Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of the renal vein. Int J Surg Pathol 19(4) 518-20 Salyer WR, Salyer DC. Intravascular angiomatosis: development and distinction from agniosarcoma. Cancer. 1975; 36: 995-1001 Hashimoto H, Daimaru Y, Enjoji M. Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia. A clinicopathological study of 91 cases. AM J Dermatopathol. 1983; 5:539-46 Kuo T, Sayers CP, Rosai J. Masson ´s `Vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma ´: a lesion often mistaken for angiosarcoma. Cancer 1976; 38: 1227-36. Van den bogaert S, Boel K, Van Poppel H, et al. Masson ´s tumour of the kidney. Cancer Imaging. 2002; 2: 116-9. Akhtar M, Aslam MAL-Mana H, et al. Intravascular Papillary endothelial Hyperpasia of Renal Vein. Arch Pathol Lab med. 2005;129: 516-520 LEGENDS TO FIGURES Fig.1CT: heterogeneous mass with necrotic core located in the right renal hilum. Fig. 2 T1-weighted MR image: hypointense mass on the right renal hilum. Fig. 3 Histological specimen. Close to the renal vascular pole and partially including a dilated vein, an intravascular thrombus and a reactive endothelial proliferation zone (capillary and papillaroid) are observed. Fig. 4 Greater magnification of the previous image, which can be seen proliferation of papillary structures that tend to anastomose that are lined by a row of endothelial cells, centered on an axis of collagen and fibrin. No images of necrosis, atypia or mitosis (not characteristic of malignancy) were observed.

Decubitis Ulcers :: essays research papers fc

1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Decubitis Ulcers are also known as bed sores.(Marsh 1) They are mostly seen in Geriatrics patients. They occur in people who are put on bed rest, or long periods of wheelchair use. â€Å"A traumatic decubitis ulcer is precipitated by continuous pressure on the skin and deep tissue with ischemic necrosis† (Plewig 369). These particular ulcers are mainly found on bony parts of the body. They develop when the cells die because there is a tremendous amount of pressure put on the skin and it is trapped between a mattress or chair and tiny blood vessels collapse. The parts of the body that are affected by these ulcers are the back of the head, ear, shoulders, elbows, hips, sacrum, knees, ankles, and heels. Decubitis ulcers can be classified into three grades. (1) Area is more reddened, skin is dry. (2) Area is more reddened, epidermal layer of the skin is broken, and blisters form. (3) Deeper layers of the skin are affected, blisters are broken open, and bone m ay be visible. (Hegner, Caldwell 421) 2. Before treating decubitis ulcers, viewing of the nurse or caregivers feelings about the care is important. Heshe should determine whether or not they agree with the patients wishes and is capable of completing that care. â€Å"When making these decisions, consider the stage of the ulcer and the treatment needed, the benefits and the burdens of the treatment, and the anticipated treatment outcome† (Darkovich 47). After these views are looked at, there are many treatments available. If the area is reddened, all that is needed is a gentle massage. If the skin is open, bacteriostatic agents, antiseptic sprays, and antibiotic ointments are used to reduce or prevent bacteria. The surgical process called grafting is practiced to treat these ulcers. This is when a patch of skin is removed from one part of the body, and is placed onto the infected area. Sheepskin pads, alternating air pressure mattresses, heel protectors, and egg crate mattresses are also used. (Hegner, Caldwell 427 ) 3. The first lab test that I found is a urinalysis. This is a test of the urine to detect alcohol, drugs, sugar, and other abnormal substences. This tells us if there is any bacteria in the body, and if it is located in the decubitis ulcer, so we can know if it is infected or not. The second lab test that is done on these ulcers is CD, this determines the antigens on the white blood cells.

‘Macbeth’ was one of the first plays written during the reign of James I Essay

‘Macbeth’ was one of the first plays written during the reign of James I. Shakespeare intended to honour the King by glorifying Banquo, the legendary founder of the Stuart line. Hence the play also serves as a mirror for magistrates, a dramatization of the theme of kingship. James I strongly believed in the Divine Right of kings. He believed that the lord of the heavens had placed kings to rule over people in the world, thus Kings had a god-given right to rule and treachery was like turning away from God and not only the king. In actually fact, if you went against your own king, you were indeed challenging God. James I had ruled the Scottish Parliament more or less how he liked using the concept of Divine Right but when he came to rule over England, he found the English parliament far less easy to handle, insisting that the king could only rule by its consent. In ‘Macbeth’ the common theme is based on the natural order of things. Macbeth’s lawless act destroys all law: it occasions confusion and disorder in the world of men and animals as well as in the heavens above. Everywhere there is upheaval: on the night when the murder is done, chimneys are blown down, lamentations and strange screams of death are heard in the air, and some say the earth was â€Å"feverous and did shake† (2,3,53-59). All this confirms the interdependency of man and nature. The natural elements, following the death of Duncan, are in strange disorder and there is the further recounting of other amazing violations of nature, the unnatural behaviour of animals no longer acting according to their ways. ‘A falcon towering in her pride of place was by a mousing owl hawked at and killed’ (2,4,13). As you can probably guess the owl is supposed to represent King Duncan, on top of the chain, and mousing owl is supposed to be Macbeth, the person who broke this chain and disordered everything, to the tiniest atom. ‘Macbeth,’ at the time would have been exceptionally, politically advantageous to James because it would have greatly increased the public’s view that James I was God’s so-called Sergeant on earth, and so had the right to do or change whatever he pleased. The easiest way to attack a political rival was to accuse him of treachery and the easiest way to prove his treachery was to link him with one of the proscribed religious groups. In 1605 James dealt with some troublesome rivals by claiming to have detected a Catholic plot to blow up the parliament. In Scotland, even more than in England at the time, political troublemakers were accused of witchcraft and heresy. James himself was an authority on witchcraft and the London edition of his Demonology was published in 1603, the year of his accession to the throne of Great Britain. Certainly most people believed in the existence and power of witches, devils and ghosts and the religiously orthodox stressed that the devil could take many shapes. According to the teaching of the Church, Heaven and Hell were actual places and the central teaching of Christianity was the sinful (fallen) nature of man and the necessity of a sense of guilt to bring the sinner to accept the salvation from sinfulness offered by Christ. The reason of man was not foolproof and the Church urged the faithful to be on their guard against any suggestion of communication with the Devil. In Act I, Scene 3 of ‘Macbeth’ Baquo expresses similar fears concerning the witches: Were such things here as we do speak about? Or have we eaten on the insane root That takes the reason prisoner? (Lines 82-84) And And oftentimes, to win us to our harm, The instruments of darkness tell us truths; Win us with honest trifles, to betray’s In deepest consequence (Lines 122-125 At the start of the play there surrounds two conflicting views of the hero, Macbeth. In scene 1, when the audience have already found out that the witches have met in order to meet Macbeth, a big question mark surrounds Macbeth. The audience is forced to ask themselves who is this Macbeth and what business does he have with these foul witches. In scene 2 the audience finds out the true identity of Macbeth. He is indeed a Hero! We learn that a battle between King Duncan’s army and the rebels is raging nearby. The scene starts of with King Duncan being given the latest news of the rebellion by the sergeant. The sergeant reports, with great enthusiasm, how the battle was at first, in balance. That is until, gallant and brave Macbeth, ignoring all the odds, slashing in and out with his bloody sword reached the traitor Macdowald and with no pity, ripped the traitor from head to toe. After hearing how the battle went, King Duncan has nothing but praise for the heroic deed of Macbeth and announces that Macbeth is to be given the title of Thane of Cawdor and the treacherous Cawdor is to be executed immediately. The battle is given a size and importance that magnify the qualities of Macbeth and our curiosity and anticipation are aroused to meet this might champion so praised by all who have seen him. But our memories still hold the mention of his name by the witches and the finale line of the scene (‘What he hath lost noble Macbeth hath won’) reminds us of line 4 in scene 1 (‘When the battle’s lost and one’) and this connexion is consolidated in Scene 3. Macbeth’s first words echo the witches ‘so foul is fair a day I have not seen.’ This suggests Macbeth is already in tune with the way the witches think. Banquo believes that these witches are in league with the devil and thus should not be trusted, ‘Can the devil speak truth?’ However Macbeth wants to hear more of this ‘strange intelligence’, ‘upon this blasted heath you stop our way with such prophetic greeting? Speak, I charge you.’ The witches predict two things:- that Macbeth will become the thane of Cawdor, and the king hereafter. They also predict two things for Banquo that he will be lesser than Macbeth, and his children will be the kings after Macbeth. The witches second prediction of Macbeth (‘All hail Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter’) is exactly what Macbeth wants to hear because it is his greatest ambition to be king, the ultimate prize is his for grabs. The soliloquy beginning ‘Two truths are told’ which shows that the witches second prediction has come true about Mabeth earning the title of Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth then begins thinking about the witches’ third prophecy ‘the greatest is behind’ and what he needs to do now to become king. It is at this point that he starts to consider murder but he feels very uneasy about the word even though he is renown around Scotland as a ruthless soldier, ‘why do I yield to that suggestion whose horrid image doth unfix my hair and make my seated heart knock at my ribs’ (1,3,134-136). Macbeth is confused but still very ambitious. Macbeth shows signs of having a good heart and good intentions, but he also shows that he has a weak mind that ignores and disobeys what he knows is right. You can straight away see that Macbeth has got a powerful conscious when Lady Macbeth has a torrid time trying to convince him to kill King Duncan. At first he absolutely refuses to do such a horrible deed to such a noble person. He knows in his heart that to kill Duncan is wrong and deceitful. The reader can tell that Macbeth is trying is utmost best to resist the misgivings of his wife. ‘We will proceed no further. He hath honoured me of late, and I have bought Golden opinions from all sorts of people, Which would be worn now in their newest gloss, Not cast aside so soon’ (1,7,31-35). Although he knows that this deed will have profound consequences he allows Lady Macbeth to persuade him into doing what he knows is wrong. Macbeth knows he has chosen the wrong path when he says, ‘I’ll go no more. I am afraid to think what I have done; Look on’t again, I dare not’ (2,3,46-48). Therefore Macbeth is disobeying what his own heart is telling him. In fact, Macbeth speaks of the distrust he has for his own heart when he says ‘False face must hide what the false heart doth know.’ Lady Macbeth persuades her husband to do the murder by telling him that, all he is doing, is fulfilling his own lofty ambition and that surely he is not a coward. If he is a man, he should act like one. The fact that Macbeth is so easily persuaded to kill a man, proves that he must have considered murder before. It is also the sign of a person who has a weak mind and who does not stand up for himself. Lady Macbeth feeds on this weakness. Macbeth is tempted to do evil and Lady Macbeth is the key human agent – the one Macbeth trusts and loves- who ensures his temptation is through and complete. Lady Macbeth, when we first encounter her is, dominant, determined, powerful, and even perhaps frightening in the intensity of her uncompromising desire for her husband to ascend the throne. Be it, the price of murder. We understand that Macbeth has his own ‘deep desires,’ but this seems tame compared with Lady Macbeth’s unquenchable aspirations (she summons evil itself into her body and soul to unsex her and remove any doubts she might have). Further, we see in her actions, a cool, self-assured person, unlike her husband. When Macbeth falters, she is there and she also has the courage to return the daggers and to faint at the news of King Duncan’s murder, and so distract any attention from her husband. She plans the details of the murder; she has the future worked out. She is also pre-eminently cunning and shows no fear of the supernatural and death itself. That is why she can say, ‘a little water clears us of this deed’ (2,2,67), because there is nothing to fear from God and old-fashioned ideas of retribution. She can happily envisage hypocrisy and falsehood. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth fates are inextricably joined, but her role and character support Macbeth’s destiny. However like Macbeth, Lady Macbeth shows moments of humanity – she would have killed Duncan herself only he reminded her of her own father. It is these small details that perhaps indicate that she is not as cold and inhuman as she makes herself to be. It could actual, all be an act just to persuade Macbeth to do the final deed. This of course makes her breakdown seem the more inevitable as she is bound to blame herself in some way for the murder. Ultimately she finds out that water will not wash away the stain of blood. It is then ironic that Macduff on first meeting Lady Macbeth refers to her as ‘gentle lady’ and one too sensitive to even hear the word ‘murder.’ By the end of the play she is recognized for what she is, a ‘fiend-like queen’ (5,6,108). Macbeth, in the final analysis, is too preoccupied with his own role to give support to her. Once he has done his first major murder he needs no help from her to do the others†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦. Macbeth is a man of action: the play proves this in more ways then others. He is a fearless warrior – and an important lord – who defends his king against treachery. However, ambition is his finale weakness. He allows, first the witches’ prophesy and then his wife’s ambition for him, to undermine his integrity. It is clear that he is not easily won over to evil. His conscience is strong and throws up many objections to his doing the deed. However, he is also too easily influenced in the direction that he secretly desires to go. Once he has decided, he does not deviate, and each step subsequently reaffirms his initial choice. Macbeth, then, is determined, and with this determination turns to a violent and ruthless path, full of chaos. So how does Macbeth ‘a peerless kinsman,’ develops into King Duncan’s murderer? Is Macbeth’s mistake in killing ‘gracious’ king Duncan, his entire fault? Is he to blame for his own doing or were they any other factors that bade him to do this terrible deed? Is Macbeth still the hero at the end of this play and does he deserve what he gets? For these Questions to be answered we need to look at the fundamental theme of the play, Ambition. Partly because it is the driving force of Macbeth’s life. ‘Macbeth’ is a deep sentimental tragedy. ‘Tragedy,’ in Shakespeare usually concerns a great person, the hero, who through some weakness of his character falls from grace, endures intense sufferings (which fascinate the audience), and who inevitable dies a tragic death. In fact, who must die as a consequence of their weakness. Thus if you look at ‘The Tragedy of Macbeth’, we find all these ingredients; and if we consider what is the hero’s weakness, it must and can only be ambition. Macbeth says this specifically when he is attempting to resist the murder of Duncan: ‘I have no spur†¦.but only/Vaulting ambition which o’erleaps itself’ (1,7,25-7).This acknowledgement comes after he has considered all the good reasons for not murdering Duncan. Only ambition is left to overrule his troubled conscience. Furthermore, whilst the influence of both Lady Macbeth and the witches is strong, their power over Macbeth is only possible because the ambition is already there. Macbeth ,then, is a hero but one who is fatally undermined by his ambition, that are the fabric of the play. Put in another way: it is his ambition that leads Macbeth to murder, treason, hypocrisy, corruption and deepest evil.

Multiculturalism from a cognitive perspective essay part 2Essay Writing Service

Multiculturalism from a cognitive perspective essay part 2Essay Writing Service Multiculturalism from a cognitive perspective essay part 2 Multiculturalism from a cognitive perspective essay part 2Multiculturalism from a cognitive perspective essay part  1In fact, human growth and development affect inevitably the personal development of each individual. Therefore, clients of clinical mental health counselors are also vulnerable to the impact of their growth and cognitive development. Moreover, the development of mental health problems, as a rule, result from problems in cognitive development. For example, the retardation of the cognitive development of an individual may result in the development of long lasting mental health problems that may need the assistance of the clinical mental health counselor. In such a way, the understanding of mental health problems in clients can help clinical mental health counselors to develop effective approaches to the identification of roots of problems of their clients. Without understanding roots of mental health and psychological problems of clients, clinical mental health counsel ors cannot develop effective approaches to their treatment (Poyrazli, 2003). As a result, clinical mental health counselors should come prepared and understand human growth and development.How an understanding of human growth and development can assist the Clinical Mental Health Counselor?   Please include a discussion related to the context of development as it relates to multiculturalism, developmental disability, and exceptional abilities.Discuss and indicated a basic understanding of the context of development as it relates to multiculturalism, developmental disability, and exceptional abilities and apply information to the field of clinical mental health counseling and support information with cited references.The context of development is vulnerable to the impact of multiple factors, such as the cultural environment, individual developmental abilities or disabilities, and other factors that influence the individual development (Lucke, 2014). In this regard, the cultural impa ct is the most significant and may affect the personal development consistently. In fact, the cultural environment contributes to the formation of basic cultural social norms and values which influence the personal behavior, views and beliefs.At this point, multiculturalism has a particularly significant impact on the personal development of individuals. Unlike the monocultural environment, the multicultural environment is richer in terms of the cultural development of individuals because they learn from different cultural groups different norms and values. They open the way to the development of the broader eyesight and tolerance since people growing up in the culturally diverse environment learn that people are different and they may have different cultural values and norms. Instead, they tend to develop universal values and norms, which are applicable to the multicultural environment that means that these values and norms are acceptable for all cultural groups and actually are cu lturally neutral.The developmental disability is an important issue that affects consistently the personal and cognitive development of individuals. In fact, the developmental disability slows down the cognitive development and prevents individuals from the successful development, respectively to their age. Instead, developmental disabilities raise barriers on the way to the standard development of individuals (Lucke, 2014). As a result, individuals have difficulties with the transition to the next stage in their cognitive development. Such individuals need the assistance from the part of clinical mental health counselors, who can identify their problem and help to tackle their mental health and developmental problem successfully.Exceptional abilities are also quite challenging for the cognitive development of individuals. In contrast to the developmental disability, exceptional abilities involve specific abilities which are at the above the average level in individuals with excepti onal abilities. In contrast to the average people, people with exceptional abilities are gifted and outpace the average development of other individuals. For example, a child gifted in math may have exceptional mathematical abilities. At first glance, such a child will be more successful in learning math and related-subjects and outpace his/her peers (Tummala-Narra, 2013). On the other hand, such exceptional abilities in the field of math may alienate the child from his/her peers, who may feel their inferiority because of their gaps in math skills. The child may feel bored at math classes. At the same time, the child may have problems with the successful socialization because he/she may focus on the further development of math skills rather than on the development of social relations with their peers or other people.In what ways are the basic principles of your chosen developmental framework applied in contemporary clinical mental health counseling practice?   Please include a dis cussion related to how development according to your chosen theory contributes to a client’s resilience, and how the clinical mental health counselor can contribute to the client’s development of resiliency.Discuss and indicated a basic understanding of how development according to  chosen theory contributes to a client’s resilience and applied information to the field of clinical mental health counseling and support information with cited references.Piaget’s developmental theory holds the premise that individuals undergo through several stages in the course of their cognitive development. Each stage is characterized by the development of certain skills and abilities which prepare the individual to the transition to the next stage of the cognitive development (Watts, 2003). This theory contributes to the client’s resilience due to the better understanding of the current level of the cognitive development of the client. In such a way, the clinical mental health counselor should adapt to the current level of the cognitive development of the client and apply that information to develop effective approaches to counseling the particular client.Discuss and indicate a basic understanding of  how the clinical mental health counselor can contribute to the client’s development of resiliency and applied information to the field of clinical mental health counseling and supported information with cited references.The clinical mental health counselor can contribute to the client’s resiliency since he/she can offer multiple solutions and approaches to solution of the client’s mental health or psychological problem (Poyrazli, 2003). In such a way, the client can use specific recommendations of the clinical mental health counselor to change his/her behavior and elaborate positive behavioral patterns.Discussed and indicated a basic understanding of what ways the basic principles of the chosen developmental framework ar e applied in contemporary clinical mental health counseling practice and applied knowledge to examples and supported with cited references.Piaget’s developmental theory implies that individuals undergo different stages in their cognitive development. As a rule, individuals reach certain stage in their cognitive development through the development of basic skills, emotional development, and language development (Tummala-Narra, 2013). The transition between stages occurs in the natural way. The failure of the individual to develop the desired behavioral patterns at any stage of the cognitive development can trigger the development of psychological or mental health problems in a long-run perspective.Thus, the cognitive development of individuals may have a considerable impact on the performance of the clinical mental health counselor because counselors should understand human growth and development and apply it to their work with each client.

The History of Ecuador essays

The History of Ecuador essays By the Nineteen Century Before the arrival of the Spaniards, Equator was controlled for the empire of Inca. Pizarro of Francisco subordinate, Benalczar, entered the area in 1533. Not to find the wealth from the The mythical Golden one, of him and of another conquistadors, notably Gonzalo Pizarro and Orellana, moved restlessly in and the region became a backwater colonial. It given a hearing in 1563 and established diplomatically as the presidency of I Remove, was in several time Peru with subjection to and to Granada New. After a movement abortivo of the independence in 1809, the region remained under the control of the Spaniard. It was freed for Antonio Jos of Sucre in the battle of Pichincha (1822) and was united by Simn Bolivar Colombia larger. With the dissolution of that union in 1830, Equator, geographically isolated, a state became separated (four time its so great present) under a constitution promulgada by its first president, Juan Jos Flowers. Equator tried fail to include prov of Popayn. of Colombia by the war in 1832 and occupied the Islands of Galpagos that year. The border disputes directed to frequent the invasions by Peruvian in the 19 and twentieth cent. The entire oriental border, acquaintance as East, was in debate. (In 1942, Equator signed a treaty that yields a large area to Peru, but in 1960 resigned the treaty.) The bitter mutually destructive fights among Conservatives and liberal they marked the political history of Equator in the cent decimonoveno. The Conservatives, directed by Flowers and Garcia Dark-haired (1821-75), maintained the privileges atrincherados and the domination of the Catholic Church Roman; the liberals, directed by Rocafuerte (1783-1847) and Alfaro (1867-1912) and by championed by the writer Montalvo (1832-89), the social reforms sought. The Twentieth Century there has been a disconcerting number of changes in the government dur...

South Korea Affected by Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

South Korea Affected by Globalization - Essay Example Apart from these concerns there are also concerns over causing of widespread suffering, disorder and unrest. Globalization can be remarked as a medium which becomes the main source for global movements of social justice and also a source of repression. By governing these materials we can take a glance at the features of globalization, as to how the process drives, how politics can be changed and how it changes or affects institutions like the UN. Globalization has helped improve the poverty in a large number of developing countries but still it needs to bind to help the society's poor community. Mainly we can say that as globalization covers all the cons and pros of the human society, and virtually every aspect we need to analyze and think, about the questions such as normative political theory. (Globalization, 1, n.d) Recently it can be said that the economy of South Korea is one of the strongest economies of the world. It can be ranked as the thirteenth largest economy of the world because it is highly developed trillion dollar economy. Among the economies of Asia the economy of South Korea can be termed as the fourth largest economy. ... South Korea turned in to a highly developed country just in 50 years and it is not less than a miracle. World Bank has termed the economy of South Korea as the High income economy and IMF has termed it as advanced economy. The economy of South Korea is known as the Asian Tiger in the economy of Asian countries because of its rapidly growing status. The capital of South Korea is Seoul and it is considered to be a big global city and also the major international financial center in Asia. Because of high income and good financial and economical status the living standard and life style of South Koreans is quite high and they enjoy the freedom of financial usages. The South Korea has developed so much rapidly because of the rapidly increasing process of industrialization in the South Korea which has placed the country among the top exporters and most of the export process is performed with China. The main industries of South Korea include chemicals, steel, textile, footwear, food process ing, electronics and automobiles. The unemployment rate has also been recorded as low as 3.2% in the year 2007. The level of education of the country is also very much improved and competitive. The scientific literacy of South Korea is on the top and the mathematical literacy is ranked as second highest. According to the economists the information technology industry of the South Korea has also among the three top IT industries. Hence all this above analysis shows that the economy of South Korea has geared itself from the year 1960s till 2007. The GDP rate that was recorded in the year 2007 was GDP (Nominal) $981.9 Billion and GDP (PPP) $1.312trillion. Although the economy has faced a really tremendous rise but the financial

Book Review Literature Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Book - Literature review Example In doing this, he arranges the book into sixteen chapters all of which offer progressive analysis to the two main policing approach: the â€Å"soft cop† policing technique as introduced by the 1990’s New York mayor and the soft cop policing technique counterpart. He analyses the two assessing their effectiveness in combatting the modern day crimes, which are equally dynamic. The different chapters discuss the efficacy of each of the policing techniques in curbing such modern crimes as stalking, financial crimes and theft crimes. Additionally, the author provides places his arguments in contemporary developed societies which best typify both modernism and the nature of the crimes thereby achieving great effectiveness in comparing the two policing techniques and their ability to combat crimes. Author’s key theoretical argument â€Å"Hard† policing refers to a policing technique that portrays zero tolerance to criminals. The approach to community policing pro pagates for scathing handling of criminals with the implementation of extremely punitive sentences to the convicted criminals as a means of curbing the spread of criminals. Soft policing on the other hand approaches policing as a means of restoring behaviors. The two have relative advantages and therefore applicable in different contexts, the modern society is dynamic and presents numerous security challenges. The author of the book thus alludes to the relative application of each of the two policing mechanisms. The effectiveness and preference of any of the two policing techniques is not readily evident, he however provides perfect examples, which would invoke the application of hard policing and further provides other perfect examples that would require soft policing. Scope of phenomena covered Just as explained earlier, the modern society has diverse security requirements. The dynamic lifestyles coerce unique security needs thereby the governments to formulate and implement diver se policing techniques. The most readily available and comply applicable policing techniques include the zero tolerance technique and the soft policing technique. The two are divergent approaches and therefore view policing differently. However, the author finds each relative relevance in the contemporary society since he considers specific attributes of the society and the modern types and natures of criminal activities. The development and the subsequent spread of the use of the internet have resulted in the proliferation of cybercrimes in the modern society. The internet for example provides users with specific anonymity features, which enables the successful execution of the crimes. In addressing such modern society crimes, the author uses developed societies in the west including the United Kingdom, Germany, and other examples of police systems in the United States of America. The developed countries exemplify contemporary societies. They have unique security requirements as th ey present their citizens with diverse possibilities that thereby necessitate the execution of crimes. The choice to use developed countries thus provide the author with the ability to observe the developing trends in crimes thereby the different security requirements most of which necessitate the type of policing technique considered effective